A laparotomy is a surgical procedure involving a large incision through the abdominal wall to gain access into the abdominal cavity. It is also known as a celiotomy.
Doctors may use laparotomy for a variety of reasons. It can help them diagnose or treat abdominal conditions, such as:
- abdominal pain
- abdominal trauma
- peritonitis, which is an inflammation of the inner lining of the abdomen
- a perforated organ in the abdomen
- infection in the abdomen
- internal bleeding
- the spread of conditions such as cancer or endometriosis
Females may have a laparotomy for a hysterectomy, which is the removal of the uterus, or for the removal of the ovaries or fallopian tubes.
